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Unlocking Power Quality: The Interplay of RMS, Harmonics, and THD in Electrical Waveforms
This white paper explores the mathematical and practical relationships between RMS measurements, harmonic amplitudes, and total harmonic distortion (THD) in electrical waveforms. Using Parseval’s Theorem, it demonstrates the equivalence of time- and frequency-domain analysis, showing that while harmonics can significantly increase THD, their impact on RMS values is much smaller. The findings clarify how harmonic distribution affects waveform analysis and provide insight into more effective power quality investigations.
Key topics include:
- Brief Review of RMS Definition
- Harmonics
- Parseval's Theorem
- Effects of RMS Value on THD
Why utilities should care:
Understanding the nuanced relationship between RMS, harmonics, and THD enables faster, more accurate identification and resolution of power quality issues, supporting improved system reliability, targeted mitigation strategies, and optimized monitoring investments.
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